During the oral examination, no symptoms of burns were observed on the palatal or buccal mucosae because these areas were protected by a complete denture in the maxilla. The patient was thereafter taken to the hospital by ambulance, and a physician observed the absence of calcium oxide-induced inflammation or ulcers in the esophagus and stomach.Īfter the medical diagnosis, the patient was examined at our dental hospital to ascertain the cause of her oral pain. Her family ensured that she expelled as much of the remaining calcium oxide as possible from her mouth. The patient complained of severe pain in the oral cavity. The family member found a white powder and an open packet of calcium oxide food desiccant nearby, suggesting that the patient had accidentally ingested the food desiccant. The patient had been eating dried seaweed that was kept in a sealed container. In June 2017, a family member found the patient covering her mouth, apparently in pain. However, the ISCFP was shallowly located in the oral vestibule, and there were no keratinized tissues around the implants. She had a complete denture in the maxilla and an implant-supported complete fixed prosthesis (ISCFP) in the mandible, and she exhibited no dysphagia. She had a quiet, bright personality and was able to engage in simple everyday conversations. In addition to an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor to treat her dementia, the patient had been prescribed antihypertensive and antihyperuricemic drugs. This patient had developed symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease 5 years previously, and she had been under the care of her family since then. This case report was written to promote awareness regarding accidental ingestion of chemicals that may occur in patients with dementia.Ī 91-year-old Japanese woman presented with chemical burns of her oral mucosa. One week later, the ulcers had nearly completely healed. The affected areas were rinsed with physiological saline, and an antibiotic was administered to prevent secondary infection. This report describes an advanced-age patient with dementia who ingested a calcium oxide food desiccant at home and developed chemical burns. 1, 4, 5 Patients with dementia often exhibit impaired judgment and irregular eating behaviors, leading them to ingest nonfood substances. 3 However, only a few reports have described advanced-age patients with dementia who have developed oral chemical burns, and the cause of these burns is accidental ingestion of nonfood substances. 2 Numerous case reports of toddlers have described placement of various items from the surrounding environment into the oral cavity. 2Ĭhemical burns of the oral cavity and upper gastrointestinal tract secondary to corrosive chemical ingestion may be accidental (mostly in children or patients with dementia) or deliberate, as in suicide attempts. In particular, ingestion of corrosive chemicals can cause injuries ranging in severity from mucosal erythema to transmural necrosis of the esophagus and stomach with viscous perforation, which can be life-threatening. 1, 2 Many types of chemicals and drugs can cause chemical burns, the severity of which depends on the concentration and quantity of the chemical as well as the manner and duration of contact with the tissue. Oral chemical burns occur when a chemical is ingested, causing burns and ulcers in the oral mucosa, esophagus, stomach, and upper digestive tract. Knowledge of the appropriate response to calcium oxide food desiccant ingestion is also important to prevent the occurrence of severe chemical burns. This case report emphasizes the need for families and nurses who care for patients with dementia to renew their understanding of the danger of accidental ingestion of nonfood substances. We herein describe a case of an advanced-age patient with dementia who ingested a calcium oxide food desiccant at home and developed chemical burns that were exacerbated by an improperly placed implant-supported complete fixed prosthesis. Patients with dementia often exhibit impaired judgment and irregular eating behaviors, at times leading them to ingest nonfood substances. However, a few reports have described advanced-age patients with dementia who developed oral chemical burns. Oral chemical burns primarily occur in children because of accidental ingestion. Oral chemical burns occur when a chemical accidentally enters the mouth, causing burns and ulcers in the oral mucosa, esophagus, stomach, and upper digestive tract if swallowed.
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